A study conducted by Tony Bonnaire (IAS, CNRS & Université Paris-Saclay) together with Raphaël Urfin and Giulio Biroli (ENS Paris, CNRS & PSL) and Marc Mézard (Bocconi University) sheds new light on a central question in generative AI research: how diffusion models — the key technology behind modern generative AI — manage to generalize efficiently before memorizing the data on which they are trained.












