{"id":4024,"date":"2022-09-13T12:45:08","date_gmt":"2022-09-13T10:45:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www-new.ias.u-psud.fr\/?p=4024"},"modified":"2026-09-25T13:27:44","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T11:27:44","slug":"une-nouvelle-carte-de-lalteration-aqueuse-sur-mars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/2022\/09\/13\/une-nouvelle-carte-de-lalteration-aqueuse-sur-mars\/","title":{"rendered":"Une nouvelle carte de l&rsquo;alt\u00e9ration aqueuse sur Mars"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4024\" class=\"elementor elementor-4024\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4f600f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f4f600f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63f7b05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"63f7b05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Une nouvelle carte de l&rsquo;alt\u00e9ration aqueuse sur Mars<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b7c05e e-con e-atomic-element e-flexbox-base e-9b7c05e-607ee4c \" data-id=\"9b7c05e\" data-element_type=\"e-flexbox\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-interaction-id=\"9b7c05e\">\n    \t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d72e17c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d72e17c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Des travaux r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe Syst\u00e8me Solaire ont permis de fournir la premi\u00e8re carte globale et \u00e0 haute r\u00e9solution des min\u00e9raux dits \u00ab\u00a0hydrat\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb de la surface de Mars. Ces min\u00e9raux ont la particularit\u00e9 de s\u2019\u00eatre form\u00e9s par interaction chimique entre la roche Martienne et de l\u2019eau liquide, et ils contiennent bien souvent de l\u2019eau pi\u00e9g\u00e9e dans leur structure. Ce sont ainsi d\u2019excellent traceurs des anciens environnements aqueux de Mars et des cibles exobiologiques de premi\u00e8re importance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5612ae1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5612ae1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d2c731 e-con e-atomic-element e-flexbox-base e-8d2c731-bc6f834 \" data-id=\"8d2c731\" data-element_type=\"e-flexbox\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-interaction-id=\"8d2c731\">\n    \t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10d0162 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10d0162\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cette cartographie globale, qui a pris plus de 10 ans \u00e0 \u00eatre construite, met en \u00e9vidence plusieurs centaines de milliers de sites d\u2019alt\u00e9ration aqueuse sur Mars, contre environ un millier de sites connus auparavant. Surtout, elle r\u00e9v\u00e8le que la surface la plus ancienne de Mars (datant de plus de 3.7 Ga) est alt\u00e9r\u00e9e par l\u2019eau presque partout, modifiant notre vision de Mars ancienne. De nombreux sites min\u00e9ralogiques ainsi d\u00e9couverts font l\u2019objet d\u2019\u00e9tudes plus pouss\u00e9es de part leur haut potentiel scientifique, notamment dans le cadre de l\u2019exploration in-situ de Mars. C\u2019est ainsi que le site d\u2019atterrissage d\u2019Oxia Planum pour le rover ExoMars de l&rsquo;ESA a \u00e9t\u00e9 choisi. La vue min\u00e9ralogique globale permise par cette cartographie va \u00e9galement aider \u00e0 mettre en contexte certains sites connus ou actuellement explor\u00e9s.<\/p><p>Sur Terre, certaines min\u00e9raux hydrat\u00e9s comme les argiles (phyllosilicates) ou des sels (sulfates) sont connus pour leur potentiel \u00e0 s\u00e9questrer et pr\u00e9server de la mati\u00e8re organique, notamment dans des contextes g\u00e9ologiques s\u00e9dimentaires. L\u2019identification sur Mars depuis l\u2019orbite de sites \u00e0 la composition et g\u00e9ologie similaire en font d\u2019importants candidats \u00e0 l\u2019exploration de la mati\u00e8re organique sur Mars et de son potentiel exobiologique.<\/p><p>A terme, cette carte min\u00e9rale servira \u00e0 mieux contraindre la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019eau Martienne pi\u00e9g\u00e9e aujourd\u2019hui dans ses roches, afin de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 une question clef de l\u2019histoire de Mars : la plan\u00e8te a-t-elle \u00ab\u00a0bu\u00a0\u00bb l\u2019essentiel de son eau dans ses roches ? Un autre objectif \u00e0 long terme est fix\u00e9 : proposer des sites d\u2019atterrissage pour de futures missions humaines, l\u00e0 o\u00f9 ces d\u00e9p\u00f4ts min\u00e9raux permettront l\u2019utilisation de ressources in-situ via l\u2019extraction de volatiles (dont l\u2019eau) et comme mat\u00e9riaux de construction.<\/p><p><strong>Le travail de cartographie est publi\u00e9 dans deux articles, l&rsquo;un s&rsquo;int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 la r\u00e9partition fine, l&rsquo;autre aux abondances des min\u00e9raux :<\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0019103522002664\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Mars Orbital Catalog of Aqueous Alteration Signatures (MOCAAS) <\/a>by J. Carter et al is in press in Icarus. 10.1016\/j.icarus.2022.115164<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0019103521004553?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The M3 project: 3 \u2013 Global abundance distribution of hydrated silicates at Mars<\/a> by L. Riu et al is published in Icarus, Volume 374, 2022.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-387dca1 e-con e-atomic-element e-flexbox-base e-356ef4e \" data-id=\"387dca1\" data-element_type=\"e-flexbox\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-interaction-id=\"387dca1\">\n    \t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a5d233 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5a5d233\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"254\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image_carte_alteration_aqueuse_Mars_news_13sept2022-1024x254.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4029\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image_carte_alteration_aqueuse_Mars_news_13sept2022-1024x254.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image_carte_alteration_aqueuse_Mars_news_13sept2022-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image_carte_alteration_aqueuse_Mars_news_13sept2022-768x191.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image_carte_alteration_aqueuse_Mars_news_13sept2022.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-971042f e-con e-atomic-element e-flexbox-base e-971042f-752270f \" data-id=\"971042f\" data-element_type=\"e-flexbox\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-interaction-id=\"971042f\">\n    \t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d56b97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d56b97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtecenter\">Une nouvelle carte de l&rsquo;alt\u00e9ration aqueuse sur Mars<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72b19574 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"72b19574\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fadb250 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fadb250\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5640f83 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5640f83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6323b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6323b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Science_Exploration\/Space_Science\/Mars_Express\/New_water_map_of_Mars_will_prove_invaluable_for_future_exploration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Communiqu\u00e9 de presse ESA<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/psup.ias.u-psud.fr\/sitools\/client-user\/index.html?project=PLISonMars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Donn\u00e9es PSUP<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Des travaux r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe Syst\u00e8me Solaire ont permis de fournir la premi\u00e8re carte globale et \u00e0 haute r\u00e9solution des min\u00e9raux dits \u00ab\u00a0hydrat\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb de la surface de Mars.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-scientifiques-home","category-caps-scientifiques"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4024"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4024\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4236,"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4024\/revisions\/4236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ias.u-psud.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}